Guides· 9 min.
AD-1 Cogeneration in Italy: HE-CHP, Art. 52 TUA Exemption and the 2025 Supreme Court Ruling
High-efficiency cogeneration (CAR) is governed by D.Lgs. 20/2007 and DM 4/8/2011 + 5/9/2011 (directive 2012/27/EU). The art. 52 c.3 lett. b excise exemption applies only to electricity used to produce more electricity, not to heat or general services (Italian Supreme Court order 21/02/2025). AD-1 quadri, natural-gas relief and common errors.